| Gas Industry 1991-2000
For the last 10 years, the gas industry has lived as if it were a state within the state. The government was too loyal to the gas monopolist, and even its privatization was conducted in the interests of the company's management. However, such benevolence did not come without a price: Gazprom regularly provided funds to patch up holes in the state budget and finance various political campaigns.
1991
A plan was elaborated to incorporate the gas infrastructure of Russia, the Ukraine and Belarus into one system. The state gas concern (GTK) Gazprom hoped to retain control over the most important parts of its vast property in the former USSR. Of the most significance was the Soviet gas transportation system. However, the plan failed, and Gazprom remained an exclusively Russian enterprise.
BB's Jeynes libel appeal ruling due
That would be to read far too much into those words," he said. Ms Jeynes, of Teasel Avenue, Penarth, South Glamorgan, was at the Court of Appeal earlier this week to hear her counsel, Adrian Davies, argue that the case should be allowed to proceed. He told the Master of the Rolls, Sir Anthony Clarke, sitting with Lord Justice Tuckey and Lord Justice Jacob, that the effect of the judge's ruling would be that it would be perverse of a jury to attribute to the word "geezer" its dictionary meaning. It should be left to a jury to decide whether the cover line was reasonably capable of bearing the meaning alleged, and whether - in the case of the magazine - there was sufficient proximity between the cover line and text, which was not the subject of complaint, to cure the defamatory sting.
Nizhny Novgorod Region
Nizhny Novgorod Region occupies a convenient geographical location along the 57th parallel. It is situated at the confluence of the Volga and Oka rivers and serves in a sense as a bridge between the European and Asian parts of Russia. Nizhny Novgorod Region borders on Kostroma Region in the northwest, Vladimir and Ivanovo regions in the west, Ryazan Region in the southwest, the Republic of Mordovia in the south and southeast, the Chuvash Republic and the Republic of Mari El in the east, and Kirov Region in the north and northeast. The region is part of the Volga-Vyatka economic district.
.
Oil Hits $100, Jolting Markets
The surging price of oil, from just over $10 a barrel a decade ago to $100 yesterday, is altering the wealth and influence of nations and industries around the world. These power shifts will only widen if prices keep climbing, as many analysts predict. Costly oil already is forcing sweeping changes in the airline and auto sectors. It is intensifying the politics of climate change and adding urgency to the search both for fresh sources of crude and for oil alternatives once deemed fringe. The long oil-price boom is posing wrenching challenges for the world's poorest nations, while enriching and emboldening producers in the Middle East, Russia and Venezuela. Their increasing muscle has a flip side: a decline of U.S. clout in many parts of the world. Steep gasoline prices also threaten America's long love affair with the automobile, while putting strains on many lower-income people outside big cities, who must spend an increasing share of their budgets just on fuel to get to work.
|
